Imperial Measurements

Linear

• 1 inch = 3 barleycorn
• 1 hand = 4 inches
• 1 foot = 12 inches
• 1 yard = 3 feet
• 1 fathom = 6 feet
• 1 rod = 16 ½ feet
• 1 chain = 4 rods (66 feet)
• 1 furlong = 10 chains (660 feet)
• 1 mile = 8 furlongs (5280 feet)
• 1 league = 3 miles: distance a person can walk in an hour

Area

• 1 acre = 1 chain by 1 furlong (4840 sq yds): As much area as can be ploughed in one day.
• 1 bovate = 15 acres: Amount of land one ox can plough in a single year.
• 1 virgate = 2 bovates (30 acres): Amount of land a pair of oxen can plough in a single year.
• 1 hide = 2-4 virgates: Measurement of land able to support a single household (varies depending on soil quality and weather).
• 1 hundred = 100 hides

Volume

• 1 mouthful = ½ ounce
• 1 jack = 5 mouthfuls
• 1 gill = 2 jacks
• 1 cup = 2 gills
• 1 pint = 2 cups: A pint of pure water weighs a pound and a quarter.
• 1 quart = 2 pints
• 1 pottle = 2 quarts
• 1 gallon = 2 pottles
• 1 peck = 2 gallons
• 1 pail = 2 pecks (4 gallons)
• 1 bushel = 2 pails (8 gallons)
• 1 cask = 2 bushels (16 gallons)
• 1 barrel = 2 casks (32 gallons)
• 1 hogshead = 2 barrels (64 gallons)
• 1 butt = 2 hogsheads (128 gallons)
• 1 tun = 2 butts (256 gallons)

Weight

• 1 pound = 7000 grains (of barley)
• 1 ounce = 16 dram
• 1 pound = 16 ounces
• 1 clove = 7 pounds
• 1 stone = 2 cloves (14 lbs)
• 1 hundredweight = 100 pounds
• 1 ton = 20 hundredweight